The Competitive Enterprise Institute’s Mapping Washington’s Lawlessness: An Inventory of Regulatory Dark Matter 2017 examines the scope of regulations issued by government agencies without Congress actually passing a law (i.e., creating law by proclamation), or, in many cases, even publishing a notice of proposed rule making (NPRM) as required by law. As the bureaucracy grows, no one even knows for certain how many federal agencies exist. The report shows how “the federal government increasingly injects itself into our states, our communities, and our personal lives on matters such as health care, retirement, employment, education, finance, infrastructure, land use, resource management, science and research funding, energy, manufacturing, and even frontier technologies.”